3 Camping Dessert Recipes for Backwoods Adventures

By

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April 28, 2016

All photos this page: Nikki Fotheringham

Nothing will help you to win friends and influence people quite like a little something sweet after a hard day’s paddling. If you master the art of the campfire dessert, you will never have to eat a meal alone. Here are some easy ones to get you started.

Campfire Smores in a Cone

6 Ice cream cones
½ Cup chocolate chips
½ Cup mini marshmallows
Foil

Take the ice cream cones and sprinkle a layer of chocolate chips in the bottom. Cover with a layer of mini marshmallows. Continue to layer chocolate chips and marshmallows until the cone is full. Now wrap in foil and cook over the coals for 3-5 minutes or until the marshmallows are melted.

Peach Cobbler

4 Peaches halved and pitted
4 Tbsp. brown sugar
4 Tsp. butter
4 Tsp. oats
Foil

Place the peach halves on the foil and top with butter and oats. Sprinkle brown sugar on the top. Wrap and place on the hot coals for 10-15 minutes until peaches are cooked through.

Tip: For a more decadent dessert, add chocolate chips, nuts or substitute granola for the oats.

Banana Boats

4 Ripe Bananas
4 tsp. chocolate chips
4 Tbsp. marshmallows
Foil

Lay out a sheet of foil and place a banana on the foil. Slice the banana along the inside curve, leaving about an inch on both sides uncut. Spoon in the teaspoon of chocolate chip and top with a tablespoon of marshmallow. Fold the sides of the foil up around the banana so it can stay upright; leave the top part exposed so the marshmallows can brown. Cook for 10 minutes on the coals.

Nikki is an author specializing in green living, and adventure travel. She’s traveled the globe, swum with sharks and been bitten by a lion (fact). Catch her adventures here.

Spring Fever: Get Ready for Summer With These Early Season Paddling Events

By

Virginia Marshall

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April 27, 2016

From coast to coast, early season paddling events offer great opportunities to refresh and refine skills before that big summer trip. Think of it as the ultimate spring training—after all, if you can master wet exits and rescues in May, imagine how easy they’ll be in August.

“Spring is really the best time to get people excited about kayaking,” says James Roberts, co-owner of Ontario Sea Kayak Centre (OSKC) and, with partner Dympna Hayes, founder of the annual Paddlepalooza Kayak Festival, held in May on Georgian Bay.

Early season events provide an opportunity for participants to engage with coaches and potential new paddling partners through an accessible, social chan- nel while months of paddling pleasure lie ahead—and spring fever is at its worst. Brush up on skills rusty from a long winter, swap gear that lay untouched last season, and trade stories around the campfire to find your next best paddling trip.

While northern paddlers will need wetsuits or drysuits to brave spring’s chilly waters, further south, spring offers an idyllic alchemy of air and water temperatures seemingly made just for paddlers. Whether April showers or May flowers, check out these great spring paddling events near you.

TRADITIONAL INUIT PADDLERS OF THE SOUTHEAST

May 13–15; Summerton, South Carolina| www.traditionalpaddlersretreat.com
This third annual weekend fosters friendships, skills, knowledge and gear all built around traditional and Greenland paddling techniques and culture. This year, join renowned mentors Helen Wilson, Christopher Crowhurst and Dubside to hone your strokes, rescues and rolling.

GEORGIAN BAY PADDLEPALOOZA

May 20–22; Parry Sound, Ontario | www.ontarioseakayakcentre.com
Featuring top coaches, superb scenery, great camping and a Saturday night party with live music and a limbo contest, the festival includes on-water clin- ics in strokes, rescues, rolling and more, plus dry land lessons on risk manage- ment, cooking, campcraft and navigation.

WOMEN ON WATER

June 10–12; Parry Sound, Ontario | www.ontarioseakayakcentre.com
This fun, all-women paddling festival is perfect for beginners to advanced paddlers, featuring kayak, canoe and standup paddling (SUP) skills sessions. Plus, don’t miss slipping into a mermaid tail for a twist on aquatic adventuring.

This article first appeared in the May issue of Paddling Magazine. To read more from Paddling Magazine, click here.

Video: How To Punch Holes In Your Whitewater Kayak

By

Canadian Canoe Culture

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April 25, 2016

Learn proper technique for punching holes on the river with Brendan Kowtecky with AO Boatwerks (http://boatwerks.com/) at Burleigh Falls, Ontario.

Author: Paddling Magazine Staff

What’s In the OSKC Gear Cave?

By

Virginia Marshall

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April 22, 2016

This is where the magic happens. Ontario Sea Kayak Centre co-founders Dympna Hayes and James Roberts have transformed their cozy home and 16 acres of rugged Canadian Shield into one of the country’s premier kayak schools and outfitters. From their 400-square-foot basement gear room, the couple outfits trips in their home waters of Georgian Bay as well as Baja, Norway, Saguenay and Vancouver Island. What’s their secret to managing all that gear? “Every season, look at the gear you have and what you actually used. Then get rid of the gadgets that you didn’t,” Hayes pauses and exhales her contagious, rapid-fire laugh, “so you can buy more gear!”

1. Commercial shelving from a defunct Target store is the ultimate gear room pick. “It was the day before they were closing for good and there was nothing left except the store fixtures,” recalls Hayes. “The store manager was so taken with our story, she let us have two aisles—$6,000 worth of shelving—for $60.”

2. Hayes uses a dive slate to teach dead reckoning, and to record departure and arrival times for her own navigation. It’s equally useful for writing tidal information, making student notes during on- water lessons, and jotting down ideas that pop into her head on long tours. “Plus it works in rain and waves and cleans quickly with a handful of sand.”

3. “If I’m sore and damp, I can’t be cheerful and take care of other people’s comfort,” Hayes says of her favorite camp luxury, a Helinox chair. Roberts offers his own creative recommendation: “Use it in your tent for sleeping. Just fold the legs and leave the chair sling assembled—it cradles your pillow holding it under your head, makes a perfect cubby to keep your headlamp and book close at hand, and keeps wet tent walls and polar bear jaws off your head.”

4. Hayes has half a dozen pragmatic uses for yoga mats on kayak trips. “They’re perfect for kneeling when loading your kayak, can be used as a heel pad in your boat, make a fine welcome mat for your tent, and add insulation and dryness under your sleeping mattress.” She’s also a yoga instructor and offers yoga kayak trips on Georgian Bay throughout the summer. “I’m going to get all hippy yoga freak on you now,” she teases. “After sitting all day on the water, it feels great to plant your feet and ground yourself to the Earth.”

5. “The Outback Oven works just like a real oven—we’ve done seared beef tenderloin, baby potatoes and baked brie in these babies.” And, of course, it’s perfect for baking. “You can have fresh, warm bread on the last day of a two-week trip, or on any cold, rainy day to lift spirits.”

6. “Ladies, do yourself a favor—get a Freshette and a drysuit with a front relief zip. From behind, it’s so discrete that you’ll look like a dude.”

7. Roberts recommends the Evernote app to keep meticulous lists and impress grannies in the grocery store. “I cut and paste menu plans and gear lists from trip to trip—it adjusts the amounts for the number of participants and generates custom shopping lists.”

8. Hayes and Roberts spend some 50 nights per year in their Hilleberg Staika tent. “It’s our all-time favorite tent. It stays put in squalls on Georgian Bay’s bare rock islets, keeps us bone-dry in West Coast rainforests, and didn’t buckle under insane winds in Norway’s fiords.” After years of scrimping on shelters, the couple took a cue from their well-heeled, Hilleberg-equipped guests. “What a difference,” says Hayes, “seriously the best money I ever spent.”

9. These 10-year-old merino long underwear represent Hayes’ favorite thing about outdoor gear. “It isn’t throwaway—because it has to be something that you can fix while you’re out on trip, it’s made to last, and it’s made to be repairable.” She says of her stripy Smartwool, “I can’t see these ever falling apart—I think I’ll have them for 20 years.”

The Ontario Sea Kayak Centre is located in Parry Sound, Ontario. Every September they run Canada’s longest running traditional paddling event, Ontario Greenland Camp. Watch THE CANOE, an award-winning film that tells the story of Canada’s connection to water and how paddling in Ontario is enriching the lives of those who paddle there. #PaddleON.

This article originally appeared in Adventure Kayak Spring 2016 issue.

Subscribe to Paddling Magazine and get 25 years of digital magazine archives including our legacy titles: Rapid, Adventure Kayak and Canoeroots.

Profile: Mariann Saether On The Secrets Of Her Success

By

Paddling Magazine Staff

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April 22, 2016

Mariann Saether is on fire. After swooping in and grabbing gold at her first-ever Sickline race in 2015, we caught up with Saether and learned there’s way more to this powerhouse than paddling. At 35, Saether is a full-time teacher, a writer, an academic and more, on top of being a pro athlete. Here’s how she makes it all happen.

GET FIT

Saether attributes her success at the 2015 Sickline Race to a simple fact: “Being fitter than ever before.” Getting to that point was no easy feat, but Saether seems to see athletics the way most of us see breathing—a basic part of everyday life. Growing up in Otta, Norway, she played handball, rode horses, performed in dance shows and musicals, did synchronized swimming, snowboarding and, finally, baton twirling. “It’s a Norwegian thing,” she says with a laugh.

On top of paddling every single day, leading up to Sickline Saether hit the strength training hard. “Circuit training, weight lifting, push- ups, pull-ups, sit-ups, squats—it all makes a difference when I’m on the water,” she says. Rounding it out was her routine of running, yoga, on-water interval training and slalom practice.

STAY CENTERED

“Before a competition I can’t really talk to people. I need to be really focused on myself and contain my energy,” Saether says. The habit got her into a bit of trouble when she first started competing in the U.S.—as others chatted in the eddy and cheered each other on, Mariann sat quietly on the sidelines. They thought she seemed too serious, even unfriendly. As time went on, they learned it’s just how she needs to prepare. As others throw high fives, Saether quietly imagines every stroke of the course. “I think about where to pull and where to relax, and I make a plan B—if I fuck up that move, what am I going to do?” she says.

“It’s the same whether it’s a race or just running the river. At a big rapid I don’t just walk up to my kayak and jump in and go. I always take a minute to visualize.”

FIND BALANCE

“When I started kayaking it felt like people just started seeing me as ‘the kayaking girl,’” says Saether. But there’s much more to her life than that. In her nine years of post-secondary education, Saether has earned a degree in medieval history, studied philosophy, psychology, Norwegian, English and Spanish. “I think maybe the next phase of my life has started, where I’m not satisfied with just being a kayaker for the rest of my life,” she says. This year Saether is teaching history, science and Norwegian classes to 16- to 19-year-old students, and she hopes to one day make her living as a writer.

REMEMBER WHAT IT’S ALL ABOUT

“When I go out on the river, it’s a place to breathe and it’s a place to relax and it’s a place to forget about all the normal real-world stuff. It gives me a chance to reenergize. It’s an inner thing—I just have to do it,” Saether says. Though she loves other sports, Saether says nothing compares to the bliss she feels when she’s paddling.

“There’s no other time my mind is completely blank. Especially when I run a big rapid—it blacks out everything else. When I was heading in to the crux of the Sickline course I could hear the crowd start cheering and yelling and whooping, but as soon as I entered the whitewater part, I heard zero. Nothing. In a way it’s meditation—a way of kick-starting the brain. It gives me a lot of energy. It gives me a lot of peace.”

This article originally appeared in Rapid Spring 2016 issue.

Subscribe to Paddling Magazine and get 25 years of digital magazine archives including our legacy titles: Rapid, Adventure Kayak and Canoeroots.

Midnight Madness: Gold and Glory at the Yukon River Quest

By

Kaydi Pyette

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April 22, 2016

THE START LINE IS CHAOS. A whistle sounds and 155 paddlers sprint 400 meters Le Mans-style for their boats. Spectators line the shore, hooting and flashing cameras. The press of Spandex and neoprene is intense. Vaulting into our canoe, we narrowly avoid a collision with a voyageur team as we enter current. We fall in mid-pack. The forerunners are already 300 meters away.Three hours later, the Yukon River’s canyon walls give way to notorious Lake Laberge. Our map marks this section with strongly worded warnings promising disaster to those who don’t heed the rising wind. A couple of boaters die on Laberge’s 50-kilometer stretch every year. It’s up to five kilometers wide in sections.

It takes us seven and a half hours to slog across. We silently wonder how we’ll continue for another 650 kilometers but neither of us dare say a word.

A FUN CHALLENGE

Back in the depths of winter, the Yukon River Quest (YRQ) sounded like a fun challenge to my partner, Geoff, and me. It was the cabin fever talking. I should have known, because despite being the canoe-crazy one in the relationship, this was all Geoff’s idea.

The longest annual canoe and kayak race in the world, the YRQ takes paddlers 715 kilometers from Whitehorse to Dawson on the remote Yukon River in northern Canada. There are just 10 hours of mandatory rest stops along the way, and racers must finish in 84 hours.

Competitors fight the elements, the clock and each other, but by far the hardest battle plays out in each boat as sleep deprivation and exhaustion take their toll.

This same route transported tens of thousands of prospectors during the Klondike Gold Rush between 1897 and 1899. We’ve come for the same reason as those stampeders—the promise of adventure and glory.

TRAINING FOR THE RACE

In the spring, I browsed the competitor bio section on the YRQ website. It was daunting. There were Ironman participants, past winners and expedition paddlers with marathon CVs as long as their bent-shaft blades. Geoff and I hadn’t paddled more than 30 kilometers on flatwater in a day.

Soon after ice-out we began a regime of endurance training on weekends and short, brutal interval sessions on weekdays at 5:30 a.m. With concerning regularity one of us hit snooze and we fell back asleep.

Most troubling was our stroke rate: marathon canoeists paddle 60 to 80 strokes per minute; trippers typically average just 25 to 30. To get our cadence to a competitive level we bought ultralight carbon fiber bent shaft blades from Grey Owl Paddles and enlisted 71-year-old Bob Vincent, a decorated marathon canoeist, who’s been known to compete in a matching red and white polka dot Spandex suit. For two hours on a sunny May morning, Geoff and I had Bob and fellow coach Gwyn Hayman to ourselves. They offered first-hand tips, variations for steering and advice on quickening the recovery phase of our strokes. It helped.

By early June we could easily hold 54 strokes per minute, though we still felt galaxies out of our league. Our focus wasn’t on winning—we just wanted to finish in the time limit.

We settled on a deceptively simple strategy: Just keep paddling.

TEAM CANOEROOTS SETS OUT ON A GLASSY LAKE LABERGE. STRONG WINDS ON THE 50-KM LAKE CAN WHIP UP SIX-FOOT HIGH WAVES.| PHOTO: ELISE GIORDANO

CHECK IT OFF THE BUCKET LIST

Like many fantastically outlandish ideas before it, the Yukon River Quest was hatched over drinks in a dive bar. Created to celebrate the centennial of the gold rush, the first race traced the 700-mile route stampeders took from Dyea, Alaska, over the Chilkoot Trail and down the fabled river to Dawson, Yukon.

To further mimic the struggle of the stampeders, YRQ co-founder Jeff Brady had participants carry 50 pounds of useless gold rush-era gear, including a cast iron frying pan, hatchet, shovel, hammer and five pounds each of nails, beans and flour. Most teams made it in five days.

The pre-Whitehorse leg and unnecessary equipment regulation were dropped after 1998, creating the bona-fide paddling marathon we know today. Since then, almost 2,500 canoeists and kayakers have competed.

“People come to the Yukon River Quest because they want to say they’ve done it and check it off the bucket list,” says Brady, who will compete in his sixth race this summer. “The real challenge is for people to stay up and keep paddling. The vision of paddling under the midnight sun is beautiful, but what your body goes though is horrific.”

THE END OF LEG 1

We arrive to a mandatory gear check the morning of the race laden with some 150 pounds of equipment, water and food. We’ve prepped 70 small meals each, one for every hour we expect to be on the river. PB&J sandwiches, baguettes, cheese, cookies, fruit cups, granola bars, beef jerky, grapes and one large, cold, cheese pizza come aboard.

“This is the hardest thing you’ll ever do,” warns 56-year-old John Little, a 10-time YRQ veteran we meet at the start line. “But it’s good to do something like this once a year and remind yourself what you’re made of.”

“If you can do this, you can do anything,” Little adds.

Little’s words echo in my mind 10.5 hours later, back at the end of Lake Laberge. We pull on warmer clothes for the cool night ahead. A quarter of teams scratch each year and hypothermia is the number one reason for dropping out.

Entering the jade green current is refreshing after lake travel. This far south, the sky darkens to twilight between midnight and 4 a.m. Mist blots out the shining half-moon. We’re alone.

Fish flies come out in force, covering our bodies and gear. Grayling leap alongside our canoe while bats twist and dive to feed. It’s beautiful, but soon exhaustion and hypothermia stalk us through the night. Our only defense is to eat, drink and keep paddling. We agree the take-out pizza was an exceptionally good idea.

Mid-morning and hollow-eyed we arrive at the Big Salmon River monitoring point. A voluntary rest stop, there’s only a few paddlers here, all in obvious discomfort. Some are sick, others sore, nauseous and demoralized. No one says the word scratch, but most are considering it. “We have to get out of here,” Geoff says to me. I tape up blisters forming on my palms and we get back on the water. Just keep paddling.

We reach the mandatory rest stop Carmacks at 7:24 p.m. We’ve traveled 301 kilometers in 30 hours.

JUST 415 KILOMETRES TO GO

Sleep deprevation is a funny thing. Just 20 hours awake and the average adult begins to function as though they’ve had two alcoholic drinks.

Continue to stay awake and simple tasks like bandaging a blister or navigating a channel, begin to seem as insurmountable as K2. Navy SEAL sergeants leading recruits through training exercises during the notoriously sleep-deprived and aptly named Hell Week report that simple obstacles, like a fence, have reduced grown men to tears.

Confusion, vision disturbances, tremors, emotional volatility. It’s sleep deprivation, rather than distance, that breaks paddlers on the Quest. Hallucinations are common, a sign that the brain is not interpreting stimuli correctly.

Many paddlers reported the same apparitions I saw—canoes pulled up on shore, people standing on the banks, giant illegible words carved into rock walls. Otters revealed themselves to be floating sticks, shore-side cabins gave way to the crisscross of downed trees, the voice at our backs was always just the wind.

Situated roughly halfway through the race, the Coal Mine Campground in tiny Carmacks is the first opportunity racers have to pause the clock and rest for seven hours.

When we arrive, most racers are sleeping. The ground is covered in an explosion of brightly colored canoes, kayaks and dry bags from four-dozen teams. The leaders have already come and gone, arriving a full 12 hours ahead of us. Their speed is bewildering.

Obviously out of the running for a podium finish and feeling absolutely wrecked, we decide to stay longer than necessary at Carmacks to get more sleep. When we wake, a full seven hours later, only eight boats remain.

Though sore, we’re invigorated by our night of rest. We get back on the water at 5:25 a.m.—just 415 kilometers to go. Cheery volunteers promise the worst is behind us. Liars.

A couple hours outside Carmacks, we approach Five Finger Rapids, a major obstacle for gold rush stampeders where steamwheelers wrecked and men died. Due to low water levels, it’s the first year where no boats capsize.

As the river valley meanders, we hopscotch under rain clouds, spotting moose, beavers and a porcupine. We meet only one paddler who isn’t racing. This grizzled canoeist is on his way to the Bering Sea, three weeks distant. A yellow Lab dozes in his cedarstrip, chin on the gunwale. We tell the paddler about the race, he tells us we’re crazy.

A CANOE ENTERS THE FIVE FINGER RAPIDS NARROWS AT 11:23 P.M.| PHOTO: JOEL KRAHN

EAT, DRINK, PADDLE

Evening brings a 50 mph headwind. We paddle directly into it for hours. Some competitors pull off the river to wait it out and we begin to catch up and pass a handful of boats. Creedence and Stan Rogers blast from our waterproof speakers, and when we get tired of them we take turns singing—terribly.

It’s dusky and drizzling around midnight when the canoe wobbles and I glance back. Geoff is sitting wide-eyed and upright, his paddle across his knees. “Did you just fall asleep?” I ask. He gives a silent nod. A sleepy lean of Geoff’s 6’8” frame would certainly pitch us into the frigid water, and the river here is wide, with steep banks and swift current. A swim would be dangerous, and the end of the race. “Eat. Drink. Paddle,” I say. Energy in, energy out—consuming and moving is the only way to stay awake.

Close to 3 a.m. we spot the campfire at Kirkman Creek, a tiny flickering beacon in the blue and black half-night. We’re elated to have made it. This is a mandatory three-hour stop before the final push to Dawson. A jovial man dressed head to toe in camo welcomes us; another with a Yosemite Sam mustache offers hot soup.

We set up our tent and take off soaked clothes, feeling blessed for the opportunity to drop into unconsciousness. Climbing naked into my sleeping bag, the heaviness of sleep drowns me. My hands throb, my back aches, my skin is cold and clammy. I’m exhausted, yet filled with a dreamy, joyous feeling radiating from the middle of my stomach. This is an adventure in one of my favorite places in the world with the man I love. “I’m so happy,” I tell Geoff. And then I’m out.

JUST KEEP PADDLING

Two-and-a-half hours later, The “Good morning” trill of a volunteer comes too soon. I sit but can’t summon the motivation for anything more. Exhaustion-induced euphoria has evaporated. It’s cold. Aches have stiffened. Even more disheartening, it’s still raining. Geoff buries his face in the wall of the tent. We both ask if the other wants to continue.

“We’d wake people and they’d get angry, they’d want to fight us,” longtime Kirkman Creek volunteer Greg Spenner told us later. “Others were confused—they didn’t know where they were, or why they were there.”

We know why we’re here. It’s just 150 kilometers to Dawson, nine more map pages. There’s nothing to do but paddle. We pull on damp clothes, pack up soaked gear and push off under a grey sky. Though it’s just a fraction of the distance, the final section of the race is the crux for many. Exhaustion, slow current and navigating islands and gravel bars as the river widens takes its toll. I can barely keep my eyes open. The joy of adventure is forgotten; it’s the promise of real sleep that keeps us doggedly stroking away.

River curves stretch for mind-bending miles; we chase current only to have it seemingly disappear. I have a rushing sound in my ears and the visual sensation of starring in a stop motion film. Geoff is downing Advil to battle seizing muscles. We round a bend just before the 60-Mile checkpoint, the last of the race, and come face to face with a headwind so strong, whitecaps form as the river reverses on itself. Everything is loud and bright and astonishingly hard. I’m not sure whether to laugh or weep.

Just keep paddling.

When we finally spot the modest rooftops of Dawson, I feel kinship with the stampeders who must have seen a similar sight and felt the relief of respite at the end of a hard journey. There are cheers and a horn marking our arrival. We feel strong and weak, powerful and vulnerable.

It’s the first canoe trip where I’m happy to reach the take-out. It’s Saturday at 7:09 p.m. Our official finishing time is 69 hours. We had started paddling Wednesday at noon. We’re in 39th place of 58 teams. We hug, kiss and high-five. We are so done.

“THERE ARE STRANGE THINGS DONE IN THE MIDNIGHT SUN.” —ROBERT SERVICE | PHOTO: HARRY KERN

ADVENTURE, GLORY, AND GOLD

With its painted building facades and dusty roads, Dawson has succeeded in appearing pleasantly trapped in 1898. Amongst the RVers and period-costume-wearing tourist office employees, the paddlers are easy to spot. Fascinating is the change in the faces of competitors we met just three days prior—everyone’s aged. Eyes sunk, cheekbones protrude and fine lines amass.

Everyone sleeps.

At the banquet the following day we discover a race beyond our own limited perspective. A tandem kayak won in 44 hours and 51 minutes; a tandem canoe hot on their stern finished just 42 minutes later.

How did teams speed to Dawson a full 25 hours before us? There’s a mix of strategies we learn, including the high-tech, such as GPS units used to find the fastest current, and the dedicated—some wore condom catheters. Then there was common sense. “You don’t get out of your boat, except for Carmacks and Kirkman Creek,” advises Gaetan Plourde, one half of the winning tandem canoe team. Marathon canoeing experience helps.

When I ask who plans to return next year I get a variety of responses. Some can’t wait, others tell me the race was psychological torture, and swear never to come back.

“No one else will understand what we went through unless they’ve also done it,” kayaker Patrick Novak tells me. We’re standing in the Downtown Hotel bar, watching our comrades shoot back Dawson’s infamous Sour Toe Cocktail—a shot of liquor with a preserved human toe added as garnish. I agree.

The emotional roller coaster the race provides is fascinating and devastating. In the past 72 hours, we’ve all glimpsed ourselves at our strongest and weakest—it’s not an experience anyone forgets. And it might be a little addicting.

“Let’s do it again next year,” Geoff suggests as we walk back to our cabin under a sleepless sun.

“Or how about with a voyageur team—wouldn’t that be fun?” I ask. Though we’re in enthusiastic agreement, it’ll be another four days before the tingling in my hands goes away and Geoff can raise his arms above his head.

Why do it? The same reason people have always gone to Dawson—the promise of adventure, glory and gold.

Kaydi Pyette is the editor of Canoeroots.

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots Spring 2016 issue.

Subscribe to Paddling Magazine and get 25 years of digital magazine archives including our legacy titles: Rapid, Adventure Kayak and Canoeroots.

Quebec’s North Shore

By

Michael Callaghan

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April 19, 2016

3Quebec's North Shore — PHOTO: LUC ROUSSEAU

Hailing from the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Michael Callaghan is the founder of paddlesports school, Magtogoek Écotours. He’s kayaked on the West Coast from Baja to Alaska, but always returns to the quiet beauty of Québec.

With 1,200 kilometres of sparsely inhabited coastline, Quebec’s North Shore is a little-known kayaking paradise. Locals refer to these frigid waters—the yawning mouth of the mighty St. Lawrence River—as the ocean.

When I was young and foolish, I would venture out in jeans and rental kayak, as clueless about Gore-Tex as I was about the capricious weather and formidable currents. In the decades since, I’ve safely explored much of the North Shore’s cloudberry coast.

I’m constantly amazed by the region’s pure, unspoiled wilderness. On an average day, I can observe several species of whale, from beluga to blue. I’ve also learned about the Innu First Nation’s culture and enjoyed the boundless hospitality of the North Shore’s people. With a population of just 55,000 on a territory twice the size of England, visitors are always welcome.

Tadoussac, gateway to the region, is a three-hour drive east of Québec City. Beyond here, the road unwinds for another nine hours before stopping abruptly at a sign that reads, simply, “The end.” To explore further, you’ll need to take a ferry, plane or kayak.

SUGGESTED TRIPS

If you have a day visit Tadous- sac and Les Bergeronnes, the whale-watching capital of Eastern Canada. Observe blue, fin, minke, humpback and beluga whales from your own kayak, or with a guided tour.

If you have a long weekend tour the spectacular Saguenay Fjord. From Ste-Rose- du-Nord, paddle and camp beneath towering cliffs and share the waters with beluga and seals.

If you have a week explore Mingan Archipelago National Park Preserve’s chain of an- cient rock islets. A crown jewel in the Canadian parks system, the Mingan Islands’ limestone sea stacks, puffins, gannets and Innu First Nation culture intertwine along 100 kilometers of coast.

If you have two weeks take the coastal ferry from Sept- Îles to Harrington Harbour. Continue northeast up the roadless coast to St-Augustine for 10-plus days of isolated, world-class paddling through hundreds of wild islands.

QUEBEC NORTH SHORE STATS

AVERAGE SUMMER HIGH: 15°C (July)
WILDLIFE: Peregrine falcon, wolf, black bear, lynx, moose, seal and whales.
EXPOSURE: Ever-present fog, rapidly changing weather, water temperature 2–4°C year-round. Exposed coastline with infrequent landing opportunities.
TIDES: Tidal exchange reaches 6.5 meters in Saguenay Fjord, 3.5 to 4 meters everywhere else; cold-water currents to six knots in Mingan Islands.
DIVERSION: Don’t miss the Marine Mammal Observation Centre (CIMM) in Tadoussac. The Innu Nikamu aboriginal music festival, held every August near Sept-Îles, is the largest in Canada.
OUTFITTERS: Mer et Monde Écotours—day, sunrise and evening tours in Tadoussac. Kayak Latins du Nord—guided kayak camping in Saguenay Fjord. Magtogoek Écotours—instruction, day trips and expeditions.
MUST-HAVE: Drysuit, satellite phone and an ability to “nowcast“ the weather.

This article was originally published in Adventure Kayak, Volume 16 • Issue 1.

This article originally appeared in Adventure Kayak Spring 2016 issue.

Subscribe to Paddling Magazine and get 25 years of digital magazine archives including our legacy titles: Rapid, Adventure Kayak and Canoeroots.

Learn The Sit-And-Switch Canoe Paddling Technique

By

Peter Heed

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April 19, 2016

a canoeist practices the sit-and-switch paddling technique from the middle of a solo canoe — A canoeist practices the sit-and-switch paddling technique from the middle of a solo canoe. | Feature photo: Photo: Pål Krogvold

Paddling a loaded, two-person canoe doesn’t just have to be an art expose but it is okay for it to be an efficient process as well. I still recall the day when I was first introduced to the sit-and-switch paddling technique. I was trying to cross Churchill Lake on Maine’s Allagash River waterway in a headwind. My bow partner was tiring and I was in the stern, using the traditional J-stroke. Then we heard “hut, hut, hut” coming from behind.

There were four paddlers in two canoes coming fast. They had shorter bent shaft paddles and they were switching sides every 10 strokes. They did not appear to be working hard, but they easily passed us. Two hours later, when we finally reached camp, we found our sit-and-switch friends with their tents already set up. They were fishing!

Learn the sit-and-switch canoe paddling technique

The sit-and-switch method offers more speed and efficiency than the J-stroke. There are less steering corrections to slow momentum, allowing both paddlers to power forward. You don’t have to participate in races to appreciate it. If you’ve ever crossed a big lake, bore into a headwind or just tried to reach that next campsite at the end of a long day, this technique should be in your arsenal.

Getting started

The good news is that the sit-and-switch stroke is not hard to learn.

Opt for a canoe with comfortable seats. Foot braces are optional but will increase performance.
Use a bent shaft paddle. It’s more efficient, and the stout blade allows for a faster cadence.
Adjust any gear you carry to keep the canoe as level as possible.
Partners paddle on opposite sides, switching every eight to 12 strokes.
Partners should time their strokes with each other; the bow paddler sets the pace.
The stern paddler calls the switches by calling “switch” or “hut.”

Sit-and-switch stroke basics

Like any good forward stroke, power comes from the major muscle groups of the back, shoulders and torso to pull the canoe through the water.

Getting the paddle in the water and anchoring it is called the “catch.” Bury the blade in the water as early as possible in your stroke by reaching forward with the lower arm and dropping that shoulder as you start the stroke.

Simultaneously, reach up and across with the upper arm, so that the upper hand is directly over the paddle blade, essentially keeping the paddle perpendicular to the water. Let the upper arm flex slightly, and keep the upper hand no higher than the top of your head. As you pull the canoe forward, drive down and slightly forward with the upper arm. Use your arms as levers to get power from your torso and shoulders.

Keep your stroke short. Once the elbow of your lower arm reaches your torso, slip the blade out to the side and reach forward again to begin your next stroke.

Aim to sit nearly erect with a slight forward lean. Do not lunge forward or bend at the waist, as this causes the canoe to porpoise up and down inefficiently.

two canoeists hold up bent and straight shafted paddles

What’s Best? Bent Vs. Straight Shaft Canoe Paddles

Switching sides

Keeping the canoe going straight is a matter of calling switches at the right time. The canoe tends to gradually track away from the side the stern paddler is paddling on. The remedy is to switch sides every eight to 12 strokes. Solo paddlers may have to switch sides more often.

After the call to switch, finish your current stroke, then bring the shaft hand upwards, while releasing the paddle’s grip end with your top hand and swinging the paddle over the canoe to the new side. By the time the paddle is passing the centerline of the canoe your hands should be in their new positions so you can start your next stroke without breaking rhythm. The switch will take some practice to do with finesse at speed.

Peter Heed is co-author of marathon paddling bible, Canoe Racing: The Competitor’s Guide to Marathon and Downriver Canoe Racing, and a many time national marathon race champion. He’s currently the president of the United States Canoe Association.

Cover of Canoeroots Magazine Spring 2016 issue This article was first published in the Spring 2016 issue of Canoeroots Magazine. Subscribe to Paddling Magazine’s print and digital editions, or browse the archives.

A canoeist practices the sit-and-switch paddling technique from the middle of a solo canoe. | Feature photo: Pål Krogvold

Video: How To Start a Fire in Wet Conditions

By

Canadian Canoe Culture

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April 18, 2016

Every paddler and camper should know how to make a fire when the weather turns wet and nasty. Jason Marleau from Algonquin Bound Outfitters (algonquinbound.com) just south of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, shares his top tips for getting a fire going when it really counts.

Exploring The Contradictions Of Climate Change In Southeast Alaska

By

A. Andis

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April 15, 2016

Above the northernmost reach of the Alaskan Panhandle, sardined between piles of camping gear, food-stuffed dry bags and folding kayaks, I pressed my face to the cool window and gazed beyond the plane’s wing cleaving the cloudy firmament. My first glimpse of Russell Fiord.

After flying over the forelands, a flat buffer of marsh that lies between the small coastal town of Yakutat, Alaska, and the fiord, the de Havilland Turbo Otter lifted over the ridgeline to expose the length of the 17-mile inlet. The face of Hubbard Glacier, the longest tidewater glacier on the continent, guards the inlet’s mouth, dumping ice into the surging current. The port wing dipped low as we rounded a final, sharp peak and quickly dropped altitude. The gravel rose to meet the plane’s tundra tires, the oversized balloon wheels bouncing down the wild beach to a hasty stop.

FOLDING KAYAKS ALLOW ECOLOGIST, DR. LAUREN OAKES, TO ACCESS THE REMOTE REACHES OF GLACIER BAY | Photo: A. Andis

Out the window, the scene looked more like the primary colors of a child’s finger-painting than a natural landscape. Glacial silt suspended in its depths turned the water a luminous blue, and between the snowcapped mountains and the sea, an explosion of brilliant purple lupine, scarlet paintbrush, golden cinquefoil and creamy dwarf fireweed engulfed the shoreline.

The wildflowers that make Russell Fiord such a remarkable destination are the result of its unique quirks of glaciology and geology. The Hubbard is one of few glaciers in the world that has been steadily advancing since it was first mapped in 1895. Twice in recent history—in 1986 and 2002—the face of the glacier advanced enough to create an ice dam at the mouth of the fiord. With no outlet, the waters rose as much as 80 vertical feet, inundating the shoreline under a brackish lake. In both cases, the ice dams eventually failed, flushing the retained water back to the sea and exposing a bathtub ring of newly open habitat on which wildflowers were quick to colonize.

As I paddled along the shoreline circumscribed by blooms and falling ice from Hubbard’s face, I wondered how to reconcile this advancing glacier with the growing concern surrounding climate change. The Hubbard seems a graphic contradiction to the narrative that global climate change means a less icy planet.

OUT OF BALANCE

Dr Leigh Sterns is a researcher from the Glaciology and Remote Sensing Group at the University of Kansas who has extensively studied the fickle nature of the Hubbard. Her latest research, just recently published, explains why a glacier like Hubbard can rapidly advance in spite of a warming climate.

“The long-term trend is that the Hubbard is advancing because it needs to reach a stable balance between accumulation [the amount of snow and ice that falls on the glacier] and ablation [the amount of ice it discharges],” she says.

For a glacier to be in mass balance, neither accumulation nor melt can dominate. Long before it was mapped, the Hubbard fanned out well beyond its current limits. Then, at some point, it began retreating to its current pinch point. This small, geologically-restricted melting zone, combined with the sheer enormity of the glacier, now tips the scale in favor of advance.

“The really amazing fact is that it takes a glacier as out of balance as the Hubbard to be advancing in today’s climate,” Stearns adds.

A common refrain from climate change skeptics is that these changes are part of natural oscillations, not the result of human activities. After all, the history of Southeast Alaska is rife with these fluctuations. Over the past 10,000 years this land has been uncovered and recovered with ice five separate times. It’s tempting to think that our current warming spell is part of this natural process.

But Stearns points to the alarming rapidity and uniformity of glacial retreat across the globe. She also notes that if you just look at our natural climate cycle, we should be in a cooling period now, which recent climate data—and recent memory—shows clearly we are not.

FROM LEFT: DR. LEIGH STEARNS SEARCHES FOR ANSWERS TO THE HUBBARD'S RIDDLE OUTSIDE RUSSELL FIORD; FOLDING KAYAKS ALLOW ECOLOGIST, DR. LAUREN OAKES, TO ACCESS THE REMOTE REACHES OF GLACIER BAY; WILDFLOWERS COLONIZE THE EXPOSED SHORES OF RUSSELL FIORD, CREATING A RIOT OF COLOR FOR CAMPERS. — DR. LEIGH STEARNS SEARCHES FOR ANSWERS TO THE HUBBARD’S RIDDLE OUTSIDE RUSSELL FIORD | PHOTO: LEIGH STEARNS

THE POSTER CHILD FOR CLIMATE CHANGE

In many ways, Alaska is the poster child for the effects of climate change. The flora, fauna and human communities have evolved for annual, deeply cold winter seasons and short, cool summers. Today, however, the mean annual temperature in Alaska is 3°F warmer than 50 years ago, double the average national increase, and well above the accepted 2°F global warming limit underlined at December’s UN Climate Change Conference in Paris. Villages are eroding as permafrost melts and sea levels rise, and native species are disappearing, taxed to their ecological limit.

Polar areas are our anchors to windward, and our canaries in the climate coal mine. According to Harvard climate scientist James Anderson, the swiftly melting Arctic ice cap and Antarctic ice sheets are barometers of an approaching climactic storm. He points to the 80 percent loss of Arctic sea ice, measured by volume, in the last 30 years. “Nobody predicted it. Nobody forecast it. Nobody quantitatively understands it today, except we know it’s happening at a breathtaking rate,” he says.

WILDFLOWERS COLONIZE THE EXPOSED SHORES OF RUSSELL FIORD, CREATING A RIOT OF COLOR FOR CAMPERS. Photo: A. Andis

And that rate is increasing. As the ice cover in northern Alaska, the Arctic Archipelago and Siberia melts, it will expose soil, releasing additional carbon into the atmosphere, hastening the process even further. Anderson forecasts the end to all permanent sea ice in the Arctic by 2025.

“When we lose that floating ice,” he says, “the temperature differential starts to drop between the polar regions and the tropics, and as soon as that starts to occur, the entire climate structure starts to shift.” Most of us are familiar with the dire predictions of such a shift: flooded seaboards, increasingly unpredictable and violent weather, food shortages, mass extinctions.

For every tale of a warming climate, though, there is an example that bucks the trend: an exceptionally cold winter, heavy snowfall, or a glacier that’s growing rather than melting. These anecdotes are the fuel that feed the controversy and confusion surrounding human-induced climate change and often stall meaningful action to slow our current trajectory.

“Climate change seems remote, it’s indirect, the timescale is long, and it’s driven by a collective process rather than an individual action,” notes Dr. Lauren Oakes, an ecologist and recent Stanford graduate who studies the impacts of our changing environment on temperate rainforests and communities in Alaska.

THE LUSH UNDERSTORY SURROUNDING A STREAM IN GLACIER BAY | PHOTO: LAUREN OAKES

Oakes is no stranger to the counterintuitive impacts of climate change. She and her research crew spent three seasons traveling by kayak and camping at remote field sites in Southeast. Specifically, she studied yellow-cedar, a species of slow-growing, long-living trees that range from northern California up through Southeast Alaska’s coastal old-growth forests. The species is in decline, with massive die-offs observed since the end of the 20th century. Ironically, our warming climate is causing the trees to freeze to death.

Yellow-cedar relies on consistent snowpack to insulate its shallow root system. Ordinarily, the trees prepare for winter by shunting resources from their branches and roots, but uncharacteristically warm early spring weather is reducing the insulating snowpack and reinvigorating the trees too early. Subsequent cold snaps freeze the exposed and unprepared trees, leading to a gradual death.

I recently paddled with Dr. Oakes at her old stomping grounds in Glacier Bay, a landscape etched by the climatic shifts that drive the advance and retreat of glaciers. As Oakes and I paddled toward John Hopkins Glacier, we talked about the disconnect between scientific reality and public perception.

“We have a good understanding of climate change and it is always getting better, but part of science is uncertainty,” Oakes acknowledges. “The problem is how that uncertainty is portrayed and viewed by the public.”

Sipping glacial ice margaritas at camp one night, I circled back to this idea of uncertainty. “The thing I find so appealing and exciting about science is that there is always something to discover,” Oakes confides, “but the flip side of that means that there will also always be some things that we don’t yet know, that are waiting to be understood.”

CONTRASTS WITH THE SKELETONS OF CLIMATE-KILLED YELLOW-CEDAR ON CHICHAGOF ISLAND, ALASKA. | PHOTO: LAUREN OAKES

WHOLESALE DENIAL

Alaska’s position on the frontlines gives the state an opportunity to lead the way in climate change recognition and research, but it won’t be easy. “For the last five or 10 years, there has been a growing, but reluctant, acceptance among Alaskans,” about the significance of the issue, says Alli Harvey, a Wild America Campaign Representative for the Sierra Club in Anchorage.

Unfortunately, she hasn’t seen that message incorporated into the state’s policies. In fact, there seems to be wholesale denial among many representatives. Both of Alaska’s Senators voted against a bill admitting human activity has significant impact on the climate, and the state’s single federal Representative, Don Young, charges that any surety of our role in climate change is “a tremendous disservice to science and society.”

Consider this analogy: imagine a kayaker crossing a wide river above a rapid. A perceptive paddler will gauge the current, set a ferry angle to counteract its effect, and reach the far shore above the rapid. By turning a blind eye to humans’ role in climate change, we revoke our agency and absolve our responsibility to take corrective action—essentially, it is like getting into the middle of the channel, then denying that you have a paddle at all.

Alaskan politicians not only wish to ignore the current of climate change, but some like Governor Bill Walker are advocating that the solution is to paddle directly into the maelstrom. In response to the threat of rising sea levels, Governor Walker recently proposed that immediate drilling in the protected Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is needed to fund mitigation and relocation projects for affected villages. This despite research released just months earlier urging all remaining Arctic oil and gas be left in the ground to help keep global temperature rise below catastrophic levels.

But there is change on the horizon. In 2013, Jonathan Kreiss-Tomkins was elected to the Alaska State House of Representatives in an upset race against an incumbent, Big Oil proponent. Since then, he’s risen from third youngest official ever elected in the state to a respected politician and staunch advocate of responsible energy development.

There is another story that few know about Kreiss-Tomkins: just a year before he began his campaign, he spent the summer leading a pioneering study to address the effects of climate change on Alaska’s alpine glaciers. To access the remote bays on approach to his climbs he, like Dr. Oakes, relied on kayaks as his primary transportation.

SEA OTTERS RELY 0N THE DELICATE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE OF GLACIER BAY | PHOTO: LAUREN OAKES

THE SYMBOL OF THE KAYAK

In an era when people spend less time interacting with their natural environment, paddlers may understand climate change better than most, simply because we spend more time outside. Paddlers ply the transition zones between water and land where climate change is wielding some of its greatest impacts. We pay attention to river levels. We know when floods come early, late or not at all. We notice when our lake levels drop.

Nationwide, we’re raising our voices to call for more responsible energy development. Thousands of boaters in Seattle and Portland, as well as smaller gatherings throughout the country, came together in 2015 to protest Arctic drilling, making this a groundswell year for paddlers engaging in the climate movement. It even added a new term to the nation’s lexicon: kayaktivism.

“The kayak is now a symbol for demanding a sea change in our approach to energy use and development,” says the Sierra Club’s Alli Harvey. She believes significant credit for Shell’s decision late last summer to cease oil exploration in the Arctic—closing the door on an eight billion-dollar investment—is due to the paddlers who spoke out.

Not everyone appreciates kayaktivism, though. Social media trolls were quick to bemoan the hypocrisy of using petroleum-based craft to protest fossil fuel. Harvard science historian and Merchants of Doubt co-author Naomi Oreskes, in an interview with The Nation, offered perhaps the most compelling rebuttal of the alleged irony of a flotilla of plastic kayaks in Seattle Harbor protesting beneath the hulking carapace of Shell’s Polar Pioneer oil rig.

“People in the North wore clothes made of cotton picked by slaves. But that did not make them hypocrites when they joined the abolition movement,” Oreskes points out. “It just meant that they were also part of the slave economy, and they knew it. That is why they acted to change the system, not just their clothes.”

THE CONTROVERSY AND CONFUSION SURROUNDING CLIMATE CHANGE OFTEN STALL MEANINGFUL ACTION.

If kayaks are the new symbol for the climate movement, our job as paddlers is to continue this momentum at whatever scale we can. Some, like Australian kayaker and Kayak4Earth blogger Steve Posselt, have used transcontinental expeditions to highlight the issues, but local actions are just as meaningful. Organizing a small floating protest, giving a presentation at a local paddle shop, or simply taking others outside to build their connection with natural systems add extra strokes to counter the current.

Across the nation, individuals and institutions—from colleges and universities to media companies and charitable funds—are divesting from fossil fuels. “Look to see if your retirement fund is invested in fossil fuels,” suggests Harvey, “or more broadly, look to see where your municipality or college is investing, and then reinvest in more sustainable, local, proactive, renewable energy programs.”

We are standing on the shore of a swelling river. The current is accelerating, and downstream, the roar of the rapids is growing louder. The solution lies in navigating those uncertain waters; getting across will require thoughtful planning and the dedication of visionaries like Stearns, Oakes and Kreiss-Tomkins. And it will require many, many collective paddle strokes from those of us with an understanding of tricky crossings.

A. Andis is the former Wilderness Director for the Sitka Conservation Society and an Alaskan kayak instructor and photographer. He is currently completing a graduate degree in Environmental Studies in Missoula, Montana.

This article originally appeared in Adventure Kayak Spring 2016 issue.

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