Home Blog Page 451

Base Camp: Precious Treasures

Photo: Scott MacGregor
Paddles make good walking sticks

I am as proud of my children as the next father on Facebook. Last fall I posted this photo of my six-year-old daughter, Kate. We’d just finished a couple days camping, fishing and paddling the whitewater section of the lower Madawaska River. In preparation for the trip, I left Kate’s barrel outside her bedroom door. She filled it with all her own camping gear, checking items off the list we’d prepared. On trip, Kate caught and helped cook us a bass dinner. She did more than her share of the dishes. And here she’s beginning the uphill, 600-meter portage from the take-out to the truck. Yup, a proud father I am.

You know what the very first comment was on Facebook? Someone wrote, “I hope she’s not using those paddles as walking sticks.”

Really? Where does this come from, this paddles-as-treasure mentality?

I asked Jeremy Ward, curator at the Canadian Canoe Museum, if the voyageurs coveted their paddles. He told me that of all the items issued by the north west company, paddles were not on the list. Little is known about where the paddles came from because there isn’t very much written about paddles at all. Much about the whiskey and the heavy packs, not much of the paddles.

I believe paddles were thought of as simple tools, as romantic as a carpenter’s hammer. I believe that paddles were used until they broke and could be used no more. Then they were burned in the cook’s fire or tossed in the flames as the boys drank—good riddance. I certainly feel the same about my computer some days.

Perhaps new paddles were carved on the spot. Maybe the voyageurs carried spares—although carrying anything extra seems doubtful. No matter, it’s unlikely Jean Luc turned to his companion on the portage, leather tumpline cutting into his sweaty forehead, and said, “Tabernac, your paddle is not a walking stick.” Why? Because paddles are, in fact, perfect walking sticks when carrying 180-pound loads over uneven terrain.

My guess is that this all stems from summer camps where they have strict no-walking-stick policies. I get it. Camp paddles have to last for hundreds of children on hundreds of trips. Not to mention teaching valuable childhood lessons in respect.

How you feel about paddles is here nor there, really. To you, maybe, they are to be treasured. To me, and to Kate, paddles are tools. We can debate it further with a barrel of whiskey around a crackling campfire.

But aren’t we missing the point? Look at this picture again. What else do you see? What about the little girl humping her own gear. A little girl who runs rapids. Who catches and cooks her dinner.

Paddles and little girls are better outside. They are better when they are well-grounded. Scratches can be sanded smooth and broken paddles replaced. Lost childhoods cannot be hung on the wall.

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

How To Change Places In A Canoe

Photo: Dan Caldwell
Trading places in a canoe

Like any maneuver in a tandem canoe, switching paddling positions on the fly requires good communication. The key to a smooth, dry transition is ensuring only one person is moving in the canoe at a time.

Start by stowing your paddles. Then, have the bow person spin around so that both paddlers are facing one another.

Next, one person can leave his seat and move to the middle of the canoe. Always keep your center of gravity low and use the gunwales to brace yourself. Step over the thwarts and yoke carefully.

Once in the middle, this person should kneel down and curl up in a ball, leaving space between his body and the sides of the canoe. The second person will be traveling over top, so make yourself as small as possible. Once settled, let the second person know he is safe to move about.

The second person can now get up and slowly make his way to the other end of the canoe. When it comes time to pass the crouched person, straddle him. Distribute weight evenly side to side in the canoe, brace yourself on the gunwales and stay as low as you can.

Once comfortably seated, the second person can let the crouched person know he is safe to move into his new paddling position. That’s all there is to it.

Decide who takes which role, over or under, based on confidence. Having the smaller of the two paddlers crouched makes it easier to pass over top. However, this also leaves the bigger person to travel over, a potentially unstable position.

It’s a lot easier than it looks. If you’re in a loaded canoe or lousy weather conditions, your most prudent bet is to head for shore and make the change with the help of dry land. Less-than-confident paddlers will quickly gain nerve after successfully completing this technique. It also helps improve balance and awareness of a canoe’s stability.

Practice a couple of times and you’ll be ready to perform this efficient, fun maneuver to trade places on the go— from the shore, you’ll look like a pro.

 

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

How Does Bear Spray Really Work?

Photo: Bert Gildart
The burning truth about bear spray

You might carry around your trusty bear spray on backcountry trips, but have you ever wondered what makes it so effective? If you haven’t, you’ve probably never been downwind of a blast.

“The spray cloud causes an involuntary closing of the eyes and irritation of the respiratory system, causing choking, coughing and constriction of the airways,” says George Hyde of Counter Assault, the first bear spray to be approved by the Environmental Protection Agency. It’s a nonlethal yet debilitating response. Sneezing, bronchoconstriction, apnea, laryngeal paralysis and temporary blindness join the litany of unpleasant effects.

According to Pride Johnson, President and chemist at Counter Assault, the root cause is inflammation. “The active ingredient in bear spray gets into the mucus membranes and makes the tissue swell,” he says. Dilation of the capillaries causes instant inflammation of the respiratory system. “Pepper sprays have an immediate reaction, whereas tear gases can take five to eight seconds to start working,” he adds.

Originally developed in the 1960s as a defense against aggressive domestic dogs, the active ingredient in bear spray is capsaicin, a natural chemical isolated from the seed capsules in certain red peppers. One ounce of purified capsaicin diluted in 750 gallons of water can make your tongue burn.

The capsaicin compound found in bear spray is mixed with oil to form Oleoresin Capsicum (OC). Bear spray manufacturers combine OC with a liquid so it comes out of the can in a foglike spray and add a propellant—only one to two percent of the contents of a can are pure capsaicin.

While people use a variety of deterrents for protection, including firearms, signal flares and an assortment of noisemakers, red pepper sprays remain the most effective, according to Stephen Herrero, professor at University of Alberta and author of Bear Attacks: Their Causes and Avoidance. An incident analysis by Herrero and his colleagues found that pepper spray stopped charging black and brown bears in 94 percent of cases. 

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

PakBoats PakCanoe 160 Review

Photo: Kaydi Pyette
PakBoats PakCanoe 160

A canoe that can comfortably take you from big lake waves to remote rivers and only takes up half the trunk sounds impossible. But Pakboats’ PakCanoe 160 makes it happen. This hand-assembled canoe is an ideal wilderness boat that also functions well as a general-purpose day-tripper.

Formed of heavy-duty synthetic canvas coated with high-abrasion-resistance PVC, PakCanoes are held under tension by an interlocking skeleton of tubular aluminum. Inflatable air pockets help make them rigid.

While it took a little sweat and some skinned knuckles to get the 160 put together the first time, we shaved down the straightforward assembly to a lean 45 minutes on our second try. Taking it apart takes less than half that and, disassembled, the 160 stores in a 35- by 17- by 13-inch bag—our publisher thought it was a new cooler sent for review. Don’t worry about having to put it together every time you want to paddle, PakCanoes can ride on the roof while assembled, just like their hard-shelled cousins.

On the water, the 160 is stable, easy to maneuver and gets up to top-speed quickly. There’s plenty of space for several weeks worth of gear if you’re smart about your packing. The seats’ location and height are easy to adjust and the simple foam kneepads are surprisingly comfortable.

Alv Elvestad, who founded Pakboats in 1995, steers those interested in a dedicated tripping boat to the larger 165 or 170 models, but says the 160 is a popular option for those who take shorter wilderness trips as well as longer ones.

“It’s a very seaworthy boat and people feel very comfortable in it because of its stability— it’s designed to deal with the rough conditions that come with long trips.” The flexibility of the fabric hull keeps the boat drier in rough weather and on the river, as the boat flexes and runs over waves instead of through them.

The most common reason people buy PakCanoes is because their packable nature makes them easier—and cheaper—to take to remote regions. “The cost of float plane flights nudges people into using Pakboats on the really remote trips,” says Elvestad.

While he’s used to fielding questions about the durability and reliability of the hand-assembled boats, he says their exploits speak for themselves. PakCanoes have been the boat of choice for decorated explorers on first descents on everything from northern Canadian rivers to tropical Bolivian ones.

“The kinds of trips people do with these boats, you would not take a boat on this type of trip if you couldn’t rely on it,” he says.

Pakboat Pakcanoe 160 Specs

Length: 16’
Width: 37”
Depth: 14”
Weight: 53 lbs
Capacity: 760 lbs
MSRP: $2,060
This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2012. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Daily Photo: Back in the Day

Photo: Flickr user dok1
Old time paddling shot

“Scanned from one of Grandmother’s old glass plates. Probably taken in early 1900’s along Sugar Creek near Crawfordsville, Indiana. Grandmother Kingery and family lived in a house on the campus of Wabash College. Paddling the canoe are my uncle Hugh and a friend,” says Flickr user dok1.

This photo is was taken by Flickr user dok1 and licensed under Creative Commons. Want to see your photo here? Send to [email protected] with subject line Daily Photo

Whitewater Festival Risk

Photo: Robyn Butler
Death at Moose Fest.

This article originally appeared in Rapid magazine.

When a tethered swimmer finally pulled William De Angelis from a sticky hydraulic on New York’s Lower Moose River last October, it was too late. The 62-year-old New Jersey man was already dead, his neck broken by the violently recirculating water.

De Angelis’ death was the tragic finale to a carnage-filled whitewater weekend that witnessed a shocking number of near drownings and more than a dozen hospitalizations each day for injuries ranging from dislocated shoulders and concussions to knocked out teeth and lacerations. All this at an event billed by local outfitter and promoter, Mountainman Outdoor Supply Company, as “New York’s Premier Whitewater Festival.”

The brainchild of New York whitewater pioneer and river advocate Chris Koll, Moose Fest first kicked off in October 1994. The American Whitewater-backed event brought hundreds of boaters to the then little-known Moose River at Old Forge, New York, to enjoy the recreational dam releases for which Koll and others had fought and won. Since then, the numbers have stayed strong, but with the financial realities of declining industry participation, the festival structure has grown more nebulous. There’s no longer an official organizer or venue, not even a website; paddlers simply mark their calendars and show up.

“The event runs itself,” says Koll, who still coordinates the releases and posts flow information on Internet forums.

At typical flows, the Lower and Bottom Moose are challenging class IV–V runs that should give even experienced boaters pause. Yet Juraj Kobzik, an Ottawa-area paddler who attended his first Moose Fest last year, writes on his blog that many newcomers observe a festival tradition of running Agers Falls—a 20-foot drop above a bumpy run-out of holes and slides—blind. He goes on to describe the scene below the falls: “About 20…people ran the drop ducky-style and…they were all pulling their skirts and swimming.”

Former Pyranha rep, Matt Hamilton, has attended the event every year for the past 15 and says, “I don’t think I’ve ever been to a Moose Fest where someone didn’t end up at the hospital. There’s always some sort of carnage.”

It doesn’t take a statistician to figure out that more paddlers on the river equates to greater chances of paddlers getting hurt or even killed. But the higher incidence of injuries at events like Moose Fest is more than just a numbers game—it’s a product of human nature.

In his pivotal 2002 article, Heuristic Traps in Recreational Avalanche Accidents, decision science researcher Ian McCammon identified six common decision-making pitfalls that contributed to the 715 accidents he reviewed. While McCammon was seeking an explanation for why experienced backcountry skiers were making really basic mistakes surrounding avalanche safety, the traps he found are just as prevalent on the river.

One in particular—complacency in familiar environments—seems to have played a significant role at last year’s festival. A lightning strike earlier in the season incapacitated the dam and the flow on the Bottom Moose rose to 5’7”—well above the typical 3–4 feet—festival weekend. “We tried to warn people that with the dam off, the river is a different animal,” says Koll, but many paddlers simply didn’t register that an “easy class V” run had become a “full-on class V” monster.

Laurence-Olivier Neron, a Quebec open boater who became trapped in a hydraulic on the Bottom Moose after failing to wait for an all clear signal and colliding with another boat, says he thinks the charged atmosphere of festivals provokes the use of poor judgment. “In my excitement, I disrespected many basic whitewater rules that I knew and usually respected,” he says. Neron was luckier than De Angelis; he lost consciousness, flushed out of the hole, and was rescued by friends downstream.

Is Moose Fest more dangerous than other events? Hamilton doesn’t think so. He cites observing similar injury rates at West Virginia’s Gauley Fest. Koll agrees, “I think [Moose Fest] has more of a reputation for carnage in the bars than on the river.”

Festival crowds mean more learning opportunities and more throw bags and boats to help with rescues, but they also mean more exposure to risk. Koll believes safety will come from respect, “Enough paddlers got spanked [last year] that I think people will approach the river with a little less cavalier attitude.”

 

This article originally appeared in Rapid, Spring 2012. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Traverse The Lake Tahoe Water Trail

Photo: Courtesy Lake Tahoe Water Trail
Surreal scenery in the Tahoe region

Tahoe isn’t just for getting pampered after a windfall in Reno. The Lake Tahoe Water Trail is a 72-mile route around the shoreline of the Jewel of the Sierra. Snow-capped mountains serve as a surreal backdrop for Tahoe’s azureblue waters. The circuit has been divided up into seven different day trips which can be combined for multi-day options, with overnighting opportunities at any of the 11 campgrounds around the lakeshore.

www.laketahoewatertrail.org

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Travel The Temagami Wilderness By Canoe

Photo: Mike Monaghan
Getting ready to go canoeing, Temagami, Ontario.

You’ll find some of the province’s highest ridgelines and oldest forests in this swath of quintessential canoe country. Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater Provincial Park is at the heart of the Temagami wilderness. Over 4,700 kilometers of canoe routes have been identified in the region—equal to the distance between New York and Los Angeles. Regional First Nations know the thousand year- old network of portages, trails and waterways as Nastawgan.

www.ottertooth.com/temagami.htm

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Exploring Alaska’s Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Canoe System

Photo: Flickr user U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Headquarters
Kenai River, Alaska

Brazen trippers can get the full northern experience without risking whitewater in this 1.3-millon- acre park, located about 150 miles south of Anchorage. Fish for rainbow trout and spot grizzly, moose and bald eagles. Try the Swan Lake Route, covering 60 miles and 30 lakes, linked by short portages. The more challenging and isolated Swanson River Canoe Route travels 80 miles through some 40 lakes and rivers, providing an even better shot at viewing elusive wildlife.

www.fws.gov/refuge/Kenai

This photo is was taken by Flickr user U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services Headquarters and licensed under Creative Commons.

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

 

Paddling Florida’s Everglades

Photo: Joanie McGuffin
Kayaking in the Everglades, Florida

Tropical hardwood hammocks, exotic birdwatching, alligator spotting and meandering mangroves make the Everglades a bucket-listworthy paddling paradise. Move from freshwater streams to brackish bays to salty coastal flats. Camp on a floating site. Swim with dolphins and manatees. Save this trip for the winter months when mosquitoes are manageable and stiflingly muggy summer days are months away.

www.nps.gov/ever

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Early Summer 2013. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.