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Jet Ferry Open Canoe Technique

Demonstrating the jet ferry technique. Photo: Andrew Westwood
Open Canoe Technique Jet Ferry

I’ve long used the jet ferry as a reliable meth­od for crossing wide expanses of current, or reaching mid-river surf waves. But the incred­ible speed and efficiency of this move wasn’t fully revealed to me until last summer.

Paul Mason and I were teaching out West on Alberta’s Red Deer River and were impressed with the many spectacular surf waves. Front surfing, back surfing, spinning on waves—on this river you could do it all! Paul commented curiously on the remarkable speed of his jet fer­ries. Could it be that there was something differ­ent about these waves compared to ours back east, or was there something different about Paul? (Some of you may know the answer al­ready if you’ve read his Bubble Street cartoons.)

To solve the mystery, I watched Paul and oth­ers tackle some challenging jet ferries. Most kept an active paddle or ruddered throughout their move. But not Paul. He kept his paddle vertical, practically side slipping on a draw. When I asked him to rudder instead, he claimed the magic was gone and the surf felt slower. It turns out that the secret to Paul’s accelerating jet ferry is to use the paddle blade as a foil to sail across the wave. When he ruddered, the blade no longer had the foil effect, making the move feel sluggish in comparison.

To understand how this works, imagine a min­iature sailboat upside down on a jet ferry wave. The inverted boat would have its sail catch­ing the current instead of the wind. A paddle blade acts in much the same way. Just as with a sail, a paddle catches the rushing current and redirects it behind you toward the stern of the canoe. With the water deflected to the stern, the paddle is propelled forward increasing the speed of a jet ferry—just like a sailboat tacking across the water on a windy day.

Similar, too, is how the hull of a sailboat or ca­noe tracks the boat to prevent sideways move­ment. A sailboat needs a keel to grip the water so that the force of the wind will move the boat forward. A canoe uses its chine in the same way. The edge of the canoe carves aggressively into the wave face—that plus gravity pulling the canoe down the wave keeps the canoe on a for­ward path so it doesn’t slide downstream and off the wave.

To gain the most momentum from the paddle sail, angle the blade so that the leading edge points slightly in the direction of the ferry. Simi­larly, point the canoe across the wave but with just enough upstream angle to cause it to surf down the wave face. For sailing, the best jet ferry waves are ones positioned perpendicular to the flow of the current.

Mystery solved. As it turns out, Paul is differ­ent, at least in how he jet ferries.

 

Andrew Westwood is an open canoe instruc­tor at the Madawaska Kanu Centre, member of Team Esquif and author of The Essential Guide to Canoeing. www.westwoodoutdoors.ca.

 

 This article originally appeared in Rapid, Spring 2012. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Feathercraft Heron Kayak Review

Photo: Virginia Marshall
Feathercraft Heron Folding Sea Kayak. Photo: Virginia Marshall

A review of the Feathercraft Heron folding sea kayak from Adventure Kayak magazine.

Feathercraft’s first new long haul tripper since launching the K1 Expedition in 1981, the Heron is for paddlers “with a weeklong or multi-week expedition in mind who want a high performance boat in terms of speed and agility,” says designer and company founder Doug Simpson. Hand built on Granville Island in Vancouver, B.C., it’s positioned as the new premier choice for travelers needing a fast, high volume folding kayak capable of handling the world’s most demanding environments.

With tent pole-style, aluminum bow and stern frame assemblies, six donut-shaped crossribs, nine additional frame poles and a myriad of subsidiary pieces, it isn’t the quickest to assemble folding kayak on the market. Nor is it the cheapest. But the Heron does benefit from the same full-featured outfitting and durable construction as the legendary K1.

Three dry bag-style, roll closure hatches access two cavernous storage compartments; there’s enough capacity for several weeks worth of food, fuel and gear. No day hatch means you’ll likely want a deck bag for on-water essentials. Like its Feathercraft forebears, the Heron doesn’t have bulkheads and utilizes a sea sock—a waterproof cockpit cocoon that attaches to the coaming—to keep the storage areas dry, and an unloaded boat floating in the event of capsize.

Our six-foot-plus testers enjoyed the roomy fit and accessibility of the deep, extra-long cockpit and found the slender thigh brace tubes adequate for a dialled in fit. At 5’6”, the high coaming and backrest hindered my torso rotation, and just my kneecaps made contact with the thigh braces. Adding foam or an inflatable booster seat improves fit for smaller paddlers, but this is really a big-boy boat. Simpson recommends the capable, lower volume Feathercraft Wisper for petite paddlers (see Inside Out, Spring 2006, www.adventurekayakmagazine.com/0035 for a full review).

The long waterline combined with a Swede form shape and clipper bow make the 17’7” Heron significantly faster than the shorter, beamier K1 Expedition. It accelerates quickly to a cruising speed comparable to many composite touring kayaks.

The hard-chine, V-shape hull provides less initial stability but edges with aplomb. Rock solid secondary stability is enhanced by small-diameter, integrated sponsons above the chines. When inflated, the sponsons fill out the skin, stretching it drum-tight and adding a cushion of support when the boat is edged aggressively.

Dropping the rudder or heeling the hull onto its windward edge easily corrects weathercocking. Rough water paddling is a pleasure, with the generously rockered hull dampening rather than slapping the waves. For those coming from a plastic or composite kayak, paddling a Feathercraft is a unique way to experience an even closer connection with the water.

The capacity of the Heron favors long distance touring over day paddling. It’s ideal for medium to large paddlers whose travel plans demand mile-chewing performance, proven durability and unparalleled portability.

 

ELBOW GREASE
Assembly is straightforward, but significantly easier with a helper. Our first attempt took one and a half hours. Practice and watching the provided DVD—which we neglected to do in the spirit of a remote field assembly—would cut this in half.
MISSION CONTROL
Gas pedal-style rudder controls adjust to a wide range of leg lengths and provide a solid platform for power transfer and bracing. Comfort touches include an inflatable backrest and calf plates for under-leg support.
TOTALLY TUBULAR
A combination of long waterline, Swede form shape, pronounced V hull, hard chines and internal sponsons stretch the cruising speed of the hardwearing, reinforced welded urethane hull while enabling aggressive edging and surprisingly nimble turning.

 

A VIDEO REVIEW OF THE FEATHERCRAFT HERON FOLDING SEA KAYAK

 

FEATHERCRAFT HERON SPECS

LENGTH: 17′ 7″
WIDTH: 24″
WEIGHT: 54 LBS
PACKABLE SIZE: 36″ x 18″ x 12”
MSRP: $6,200 CAD / $6,112 US
www.feathercraft.com

 

This article originally appeared in Adventure Kayak, Summer/Fall 2012. Download our free iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Mohawk Maxim Canoe Review

Photo: Neil Wright
Mohawk Maxim whitewater canoe review.

Ten years ago I met Maxwell Johnston testing a prototype of the Maxim. He told me that Mohawk Canoes was going to build a production model. I should have jumped in it then, I had no idea how much fun it would be and how long I’d have to wait for another chance.

Before the Prelude, Taureau and L’Edge came along, Johnston was paddling the Gull River, a pushy technical run.

“I loved catching the very last eddy right at the top of Whitehorse Falls, but it’s a tiny eddy, requiring a very fast entry and exit,” remembers John­ston. “I wanted a boat that was quick to roll so I could play in Earl’s Hole above the falls. It needed a high-volume, blunt bow to keep dry when running the dam and the first drop.”

At just under nine feet with sharply rockered ends and a flat bottom, the Maxim’s top speed doesn’t begin to approach that of, say, an XL 13, but it gets there so much faster. The Maxim takes only a stroke or two to reach its top speed. It also hops on small waves and planes across small currents, giving you the illusion of greater hull speed. On steep creeks, all of these elements are more important than speed, which just slams you into micro eddies harder.

Our Maxim came ready to go with Mohawk’s factory outfitting includ­ing a Mohawk saddle, lap belt, thigh wedges, knee pads, foot braces and PVC bags and lacing. Mohawk told me that 95 percent of the boats they sell are ordered with factory installed outfitting.

This was my first go with Mohawk outfitting and I’m afraid I’m not a big fan, especially in a high performance boat like the Maxim. I’m not weirded out by a lap belt for safety reasons, I’ve used a similar rig in my C1 outfit­ting for 15 years. I have long legs and this lap belt system didn’t keep my hips or knees down in the boat. To take advantage of the performance of the Maxim, I’d suggest spending the extra $80 and an afternoon to install Mohawk’s Extreme Outfitting or another double strap system.

I asked Richard Guin, the production manager at Mohawk, why they install such ridiculously beefy thwarts and deck plates in the Maxim.

“I build boats to take a licking and keep on ticking,” Guin explains. “I am a class V creeker and if my boat won’t handle what I like to paddle, then it’s a sucky boat.”

Okay, time for full disclosure. I love the Maxim, but you may not. At least not at first.

The secondary stability is awesome. You can hang it out there with the gunwales in the water. The bad news for some is, with very little primary stability, that’s the way the Maxim likes to be paddled; you’re either carv­ing one way or the other.

The sharp chines are wicked for snapping offside tilt turns to kill for­ward speed and sticking small eddies. The rocker profile allows you to boof almost anything and, combined with the carvey edges, makes the Maxim one of the most fun boats to surf.

The boys at Mohawk know they have a winner and are working on another—the Phiend. Guin stretched the Maxim four inches longer and two inches wider in the center, and softened the chines to make it more user-friendly. Mohawk plans to blow-mold this polyethylene boat, which they say will be stronger and lighter than rotomolded boats like the Pre­lude and L’Edge.

“I feel that the canoe has not hit the limit of what it can do but has been restricted by the manufacturing process,” says Guin. “We plan on chang­ing that.”

 

MOHAWK MAXIM

MATERIAL: Royalex

LENGTH: 8’10”

WIDTH: 27.6”

HULL/OUTFITTED WEIGHT: 32/41 lbs

ROCKER: 4.5”

DEPTH: Center 15.5” Ends 18”

MSRP: Hull only $1,233 Factory outfitted $1,563

www.mohawkcanoes.com

Septuagenarian Tony Shaw Realizes a 40-Year Dream

Photo: Laurel Shaw
Photo: Laurel Shaw

Northern British Columbia’s Finlay River is seriously testing our skill and experience. Good thing Tony Shaw, my 70-year-old bowman and friend, has plenty of both. A legendary B.C. paddler with a sly sense of humor, huge heart and diminutive voyageur build, he has dreamed of this trip for over four decades.

The Finlay is at record-breaking high flows for September, making the beta gleaned from the few written sources on the route—one being Finlay’s River by R.M. Patterson, the book that inspired Shaw’s dream to paddle the Finlay—almost useless. Reef Canyon in 2011 looks nothing like the photo in the insert.

We see why the river got its reputation of being too difficult to travel, experiencing our own versions of passages from HBC explorer Samuel Black’s 1824 journal and R.G. Swannell’s 1914 survey notes. Black’s guide breaks down at the sight of more endless rapids; flat ground is non-existent in the gorges and Swannell’s surveyors bivouac tied to trees.

When we scramble up the base of crumbling 100-meter cliffs to try and scout blind corners, my legs shake. Shaw is in awe, “Imagine, Black running these canyons in a birchbark canoe!”

It’s one thing to be a very good canoeist and it is another to be a very good person when the going gets tough. Literally carrying his weight on portages, joking and smiling, Shaw’s inextinguishable enthusiasm and thankfulness for being on the river inspires our team. No surprise he’s participated on numerous boards and committees over his long career, including the Recreational Canoeing Association of British Columbia and Paddle Canada. He’s also raised six kids, three adopted, and spent decades as a schoolteacher and canoe instructor.

Like R.M. Patterson, the author and explorer who ignited Shaw’s fascination with the Finlay, Shaw moved to Canada from England in search of adventure. He fell in love with canoeing northern rivers in 1967 while teaching near the Yukon border in Lower Post, B.C. Eventually, he set up Red Goat Lodge and outfitted Stikine River canoe trips for the likes of Pierre Trudeau. Both Patterson and Shaw retired on Vancouver Island and even met there in 1983.

Yet Patterson’s Finlay’s River, his last book, published in 1968, is really an account of others’ journeys on the Finlay. Even Swannell never paddled the entire river. But we are getting close. Shaw and I run Old Man Rapids perfectly; it’s the last whitewater of the trip.

Construction of the massive W.A.C. Bennett Dam was completed the same year Finlay’s River was printed, flooding much of Deserter’s Canyon beneath the sprawling waters of Williston Lake. When we reach this last historic landmark, Shaw’s eyes fill up.

After 43 years of dreaming and 257 kilometers of paddling and portaging, he struggles to describe how it feels to finally run the Finlay. “Elated. Sad. To live this moment, how I feel is beyond description.”

This story originally appeared in the Early Summer 2012 issue of Canoeroots & Family Camping.

 

The Grand Canyon in Winter Trailer

One of the deepest river canyons in the world, in the middle of the winter, for fourteen days. The Grand Canyon is a classic river experience by any standard. Combine it with the solitude and unique challenges of a mid-winter permit, and you get an adventure to remember. In this short documentary, follow filmmaker Chris Gallaway as he joins six other friends to raft and kayak over two hundred miles of the Grand Canyon. Along the way they encounter a severe winter storm, rock slides, wildlife, and the riches of the wilderness.

Director and Producer: Chris Gallaway
Website: www.horizonlinepictures.com

This film was been featured as part of the 2012 Reel Paddling Film Fest. For details on the current season, visit www.reelpaddlingfilmfestival.com.

The North Face Minibus Tent Gear Review

The North Face Minibus
Photo: The North Face

A review of the North Face Minibus two-person, three-season tent from Canoeroots & Family Camping magazine.

Of the tents we tested, the Minibus is the easiest to set up with its color-coded poles and webbing pitch system. It’s more than big enough for two with two huge vestibules to swallow your gear. Interior side wall mesh pockets have innovative zippered access allowing campers to fetch items from inside or outside the tent without opening one of its two doors.

Minibus-no-fly

The full fly offers excellent coverage and protection from cold and wet, while all-mesh walls provide ample ventilation. With five pole crossings and a unique, low profile ventilation system that will not flap in the wind, this tent provides comfort even in the most adverse elements.

CAPACITY: 3
POLES: 4
DOORS: 2
VESTIBULES: 2
WEIGHT: 6 lbs 12 oz
AREA: 35 sq. feet
HEIGHT 42.5”
www.thenortheface.com | $360 US; $450 CDN
 

A VIDEO REVIEW OF THE NORTH FACE MINIBUS TENT FROM CANOEROOTS MAGAZINE

 

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Spring 2011. Download our freeiPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

MSR Holler Tent Gear Review

MSR Holler
Photo: MSR

A review of the MSR Holler three-person, three-season tent from Canoeroots & Family Camping magazine.

The Holler is the lightest tent we tested. It also has the most floor space—room for three full-sized sleeping pads and then some. There’s also no shortage of headroom, giving three campers the ability to sit comfortably and move around easily. A built-in gear loft stores fragile items overhead so they won’t get crushed. With a door at the head and the foot, midnight calls of nature don’t require the middle sleeper wake up tent-mates to make her exit. Two sizeable vestibules offer plenty of external storage, though taller items may touch the fly. Like all the tents tested here, the Holler has a fully coated and taped fly and bathtub floor to keep you dry.

CAPACITY: 3
POLES: 2
DOORS: 2
VESTIBULES: 2
WEIGHT: 6 lbs 9 oz
AREA: 47 sq. feet
HEIGHT 45”

 

A VIDEO REVIEW OF THE MSR HOLLER TENT FROM CANOEROOTS MAGAZINE

 

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Spring 2011. Download our freeiPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Big Agnes Gore Pass 3 Tent Gear Review

Big Agnes Gore Pass 3
Photo: Big Agnes

A review of the Big Agnes Gore Pass 3 three-person, three-season tent from Canoeroos & Family Camping magazine.

The Gore Pass 3 offers incredible livability in a tent we wouldn’t mind getting stuck in for a rainy or wind bound day. Its four corner fly vents combined with mesh walls and ceiling offer superior ventilation and limit condensation build-up. Vertical walls provide plenty of room for a comfortable game of cards or sharing a sheltered meal.

gorepass3tent

Large vestibules at both doors are roomy enough to stand up your packs and are configured to give you the option of tarp-style awnings. The Gore Pass 3 is spacious enough to sleep three adults and airy enough to keep everyone breathing freely even days after your last encounter with a hot shower.

CAPACITY: 3
POLES: 4
DOORS: 2
VESTIBULES: 2
WEIGHT: 7 lbs 4 oz
AREA: 44 sq. feet
HEIGHT 42”

 

A VIDEO REVIEW OF THE BIG AGNES GORE PASS 3 TENT FROM CANOEROOTS MAGAZINE

 

This article originally appeared in Canoeroots & Family Camping, Spring 2011. Download our freeiPad/iPhone/iPod Touch App or Android App or read it here.

Shadow Captain

Photo: Virginia Marshall
Shadow Captain

People of all ages have entertained each other using hand shadow puppetry for hundreds of years. Complex shadow puppetry is a true art form, but there are many simple characters that kids can perform easily after just a few tries—all you need is a flashlight, a tent wall or smooth rock face and a little imagination.

With creativity and patience, you may even dream up a new shadow creature.

But as Henry Bursill, creator of many of the figures illustrated here, wrote in 1858, “By what pains they were invented…is known to my tortured digits alone.”

Tip: Sit just a couple feet away from the tent wall and raise your hand between the wall and the light. Check to make sure the shadow is dark and crisp. The closer the light source to the backdrop, the more accurate the shadow puppet’s shape will appear. 

Name that Shadow

Can you match animals listed below to their shadows pictured?

  • Deer [  ]
  • Coyote [  ]
  • Kangaroo [  ]
  • Pitbull [  ]
  • Robin [  ]
  • Cougar [  ]
  • Billy Goat [  ]
  • Elephant [  ]

Shadow_Puppets_Animals.png

 

Answers: 1) Coyote, 2) Deer, 3) Cougar, 4) elephant, 5) Billy Goat, 6) kangaroo, 7) Robin, 8) Pitbull

This article on puppetry was published in the Fall 2011 issue of Canoeroots magazine.

This article first appeared in the Fall 2011 issue of Canoeroots Magazine.

 

Profile: Birchbark Builder

Photo: Tim Foley
Profile: Birchbark Builder

“I don’t paddle unless I have to,” says Pinock Smith with his characteristic wry smile.

For the Algonquin Indian, canoe building is all about the process, not the reward. It seems counter-intuitive that a builder who doesn’t paddle could possess the know-how and inspiration, but spend a day at one of Smith’s workshops and he’ll have you convinced.

Smith grew up surrounded by community on a reserve in western Quebec. “I was never formally taught,” he says, “but I’m not self-taught either.”

He learned to build birchbark canoes through hands-on experience and exposure— the same way he shares his craft with audiences across North America.

Smith worked as a guide, trapper and carpenter until one day he decided to build a birchbark canoe for himself. “That was some 11 years ago,” he laughs, “and I still don’t have my own boat.” Each unique canoe is sold or shared with his pupils.

Since his uncle first took him through the building process step-by-step, Smith has built hundreds of birchbark canoes using the traditional methods and materials of his ancestors. “We complicate our lives so much today,” he muses, surrounded by yards of birch bark, lengths of spruce root and tin pots filled with fragrant pine resin. “I don’t see why we need complicated tools and materials and exact measurements.” With no measuring tapes or rulers anywhere in sight, Smith admits, “I couldn’t make two canoes the same if I wanted to.”

Smith’s art is in many ways about simplicity, appreciation of beauty and a connection to nature. “Listen to what the bark tells you,” he coaches his students. While Smith is seeing a decline in the availability of quality, naturally occurring materials, he believes that the spiritual experience of building is worth his efforts to preserve and promote the craft.

In an age filled with new and improved, high tech and exacting standards, Smith’s attitude is as contagious as his smile. “If you make a boat and it floats pretty well, I’d say that’s a damn good canoe.”

This article on Pinock Smith was published in the Fall 2011 issue of Canoeroots magazine.This article first appeared in the Fall 2011 issue of Canoeroots Magazine.